On This Day:
Thursday May 29, 2014 This is the 149th day of the year, with 216 days remaining in 2014. Fact of the Day: bread Bread is a basic food made from a flour-and-water dough, normally with yeast, baked in an oven. No other food is as redolent of myth, rite, and tradition as bread. Central to meals until almost the end of the second millennium (more so than meat), it is indeed the 'staff of life.' Breadmaking dates back to at least 9000 BC; the first breads were cooked on heated bakestones, many of which survive. The invention of leavened bread (around 5000 BC) is attributed to the Egyptians, who made bread from millet and barley and may have discovered fermentation by chance when a piece of dough became sour. In the Middle Ages, the bakery trade developed in diversity and complexity. Part of the baker's art is the careful choice of ingredients and the manipulation of factors such as oven temperature, length of baking time, and humidity, all of which affect the crumb, thickness, and quality of bread crust.
Holidays Feast day of St. Cyril of Caesarea, St. Bernard of Montjoux, St. Theodosia of Constantinople, St. Maximinus of Trier, Saints Sisinnius, Martyrius, and Alexander, and Saints William, Stephen, Raymund.
Events 1453 - Mohammed II, founder of the Ottoman empire, captured Constantinople; the Byzantine emperor Constantine XI was killed, and the Byzantine Empire was ended. Constantinople became the Ottoman capital.
1790 - Rhode Island became the 13th original colony to ratify the Constitution of the United States of America.
1848 - Wisconsin became the 30th state of the union.
1849 - A patent for lifting vessels was granted to Abraham Lincoln.
1911 - The first running of the Indianapolis 500 took place.
1914 - In one of the worst ship disasters in history, the British liner Empress of Ireland collided with the Norwegian freighter Storstad on the St. Lawrence River. The Storstad penetrated 15 feet into the Empress of Ireland's side and the vessel sank within 14 minutes, drowning 1,012 of its passengers and crew.
1932 - During the Great Depression, World War I veterans began arriving in Washington to demand cash bonuses they weren't scheduled to receive for another 13 years.
1953 - Edmund Hillary of New Zealand and Tensing Norgay of Nepal became the first to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
1973 - Tom Bradley was elected the first black mayor of Los Angeles.
1990 - Boris Yeltsin was elected the president of Russia.
1999 - Space shuttle Discovery completed the first-ever docking with the International Space Station.
2001 - Four followers of Osama bin Laden were convicted of a conspiracy to murder Americans, including the 1998 bombings of two U.S. embassies in Africa that killed 224 people.
2004 - The World War II Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C.
2005 - French voters rejected the European Union's proposed constitution.
Births 1630 - King Charles II, British monarch (1660-1685).
1736 - Patrick Henry, American Revolution patriot, orator.
1874 - Gilbert Keith Chesterton, British author.
1903 - Bob Hope (Leslie Townes Hope), British-born American entertainer, actor, comedian.
1906 - T.H. White, English historian, novelist.
1917 - John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States of America (1961-1963).
1939 - Al Unser, American race car driver.
1953 - Danny Elfman, American singer-songwriter.
1961 - Melissa Etheridge, American musician.
Deaths 1877 - John Lothrop Motley, American historian and diplomat.
1979 - Mary Pickford, Canadian-born actress and studio founder.
1998 - Barry Goldwater, U.S. Senator from Arizona and presidential candidate.
2003 - David Jefferies, British motorcycle racer.
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