 |  |  | | On This Day:
Tuesday October 1, 2013 This is the 274th day of the year, with 91 days remaining in 2013. Fact of the Day: pizza Pizza is a flattened disk of bread dough topped with olive oil, tomatoes, and mozzarella cheese, baked quickly and served hot - and the recipient of various toppings. It originated in 1830 in Naples, Italy and came to America through the Italian community of New York City, where the first pizzeria opened in 1905. After World War II, pizza's popularity soared. According to a survey, about 62% of Americans prefer meat toppings on their pizza, while 38% prefer vegetables. The most popular topping is pepperoni with 37% ordered this way. Americans eat an average of 100 acres worth of pizza daily. There are approximately 61,269 pizzerias in America.
Holidays China, Nigeria, Cyprus, Palau, Tuvalu: National Day/Independence Day.
Feast day of St. Romanus the Melodist, St. Melorus or Mylor, St. Bavo or Allowin, St. ThérÈse of Lisieux.
Events 331 B.C.E. - Alexander the Great defeated Darius III at Arbela.
1273 - Rudolf of Hapsburg was elected emperor in Germany.
1791 - The National Legislative Assembly of France held its first meeting
1795 - Belgium became part of the French Republic.
1800 - Spain ceded Louisiana to France in a secret Treaty of San Ildefonso.
1843 - "The News of the World," Britain's most popular Sunday newspaper, was first published.
1878 - General Lew Wallace was sworn in as governor of New Mexico Territory.
1885 - Special Delivery mail service began in the United States.
1890 - Yosemite National Park was dedicated in California.
1896 - Rural Free Delivery mail service began in the United States.
1903 - The Boston Americans (eventually Boston Red Sox) played the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern World Series.
1908 - Henry Ford introduced the Model T automobile. It cost $825.
1918 - Lawrence of Arabia captured Damascus from the Turks with combined Arab and British forces.
1936 - General Francisco Franco was named leader of Spain's fascist party, Falange, making him head of the Nationalist government.
1938 - German forces entered Czechoslovakia and seized control of the Sudetenland.
1940 - The first section of the Pennsylvania Turnpike, 160 miles long, was opened.
1943 - Allied forces captured Naples in World War II.
1946 - Twelve Nazi war criminals were sentenced to be hanged at Nuremberg trials: Karl Donitz, Hermann Goring, Alfred Jodl, Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Wilhelm Keitel, Joachin von Ribbentrop, Fritz Saukel, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Julius Streicher, and Alfred Rosenberg.
1961 - Roger Maris of the New York Yankees hit his 61st home run during a 162-game season, compared to Babe Ruth's 60 home runs during a 154-game season.
1962 - Johnny Carson succeeded Jack Paar as regular host of NBC's "Tonight Show"
1962 - "The Merv Griffin Show" premiered on TV.
1964 - The Free Speech Movement was launched at the University of California, Berkeley.
1965 - A coup against the Indonesian president was crushed by army chief of staff General Suharto. By 1967, Suharto assumed full power in the country.
1971 - Walt Disney World, the world's largest amusement resort, opened in Florida.
1972 - "Kung Fu." debuted on TV.
1982 - Helmut Kohl became federal chancellor of West Germany, succeeding Helmut Schmidt.
1988 - Mikhail Gorbachev was elected president of USSR by Supreme Soviet.
1989 - Thousands of East Germans were welcomed into West Germany when the Communist government allowed them to flee to the west.
1990 - U.S. President Bush condemns Iraq's takeover of Kuwait before the United Nations.
1994 - National Hockey League team owners began a 103-day lockout of their players.
2001 - The Supreme Court suspended former President Bill Clinton from practicing before the high court.
2005 - Suicide bombers strike three restaurants in two tourist areas on Bali, killing 22 and injuring more than 50 others.
2006 - Age discrimination in employment is made illegal in the United Kingdom.
Births 1881 - William Boeing, American engineer.
1910 - Bonnie Parker, American bank robber.
1920 - Walter Matthau, American actor.
1924 - Jimmy Carter 39th President of the United States of America (1977-1981).
1933 - Richard Harris, Irish actor.
1935 - Julie Andrews, English actress and singer.
1950 - Houston, Texas-born Randy Quaid, film actor and comedian.
1963 - Mark McGwire, American baseball player.
Deaths 1838 - Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and industrialist.
1972 - Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey, Kenyan-born English archaeologist and anthropologist.
1985 - E. B. White (born Elwyn Brooks White), a leading American essayist, author, humorist, poet and literary stylist.
1990 - Curtis LeMay, United States Air Force General.
1997 - Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor and patent holder.
2002 - Walter Annenberg, publisher and philanthropist, born in in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
2004 - Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician most famous for playing bass guitar in the influential folk-rock band Buffalo Springfield.
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