On This Day:
Monday October 14, 2013 This is the 287th day of the year, with 78 days remaining in 2013. Fact of the Day: encyclopedia An encyclopedia is a reference work that contains information on all branches of knowledge or that treats a particular branch of knowledge in a comprehensive manner. The word encyclopedia comes from Greek enkyklios paideia, "general education." This type of book has been around for 2000 years, at least since the first comprehensive books of Aristotle.
Holidays Belize: Columbus Day.
Feast day of St. Cellists I, St. Anadem, St. Justus of Lyons, St. Bur chard of Würzburg, St. Manaccus, St. Manechildis, and St. Dominic Lauricatus.
Events 1066 - The Normans under William the Conqueror defeated the English and King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. Killed in the battle, Harold II was the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.
1705 - The English Navy captured Barcelona, Spain.
1884 - Photographic film was patented by U.S. entrepreneur and inventor George Eastman.
1912 - Theodore Roosevelt, campaigning for the presidency, was shot in the chest in Milwaukee. Despite the wound, he gave his speech. Theodore Roosevelt, President from 1901-1909, lost the election to Woodrow Wilson.
1920 - {University of Oxford{ degrees were conferred on women for the first time.
1922 - Lieutenant Lester James Maitland broke the 200-mile-per-hour airplane speed barrier with 216.1 mph in a Curtiss pursuit plane.
1933 - Nazi Germany announced it was withdrawing from the League of Nations.
1944 - German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel committed suicide rather than face trial and execution for allegedly conspiring against Adolf Hitler.
1944 - During World War II, Athens, Greece, was liberated the day after the Second British Parachute Brigade descended on the city.
1947 - Air Force pilot Charles E. (Chuck) Yeager broke the sound barrier as he flew the experimental Bell XS-1 rocket plane over Edwards Air Force Base in California at 670 mph.
1960 - The idea of a Peace Corps was first suggested by Democratic presidential candidate John F. Kennedy.
1964 - U.S. civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. was named winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
1968 - First live telecast from a manned U.S. spacecraft was transmitted from Apollo Seven.
1971 - U.S. spacecraft Mariner 9 transmitted the first close-up TV pictures of Mars to Earth.
1979 - Over 100,000 gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and straight supporters marched on Washington, D.C., celebrating gay pride and demanding equal rights.
1982 - A mass wedding took place in Seoul, South Korea, when 5,837 couples were married simultaneously.
1986 - Elie Wiesel won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in promoting human rights.
1996 - American pop singer and actress Madonna gave birth to her first child, Lourdes Maria (Lola) Ciccone Leon.
1998 - Eric Robert Rudolph, one of FBI's 10 most-wanted fugitives, was charged with the bombing at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
2001 - Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle's office was quarantined after an anthrax-tainted letter was opened.
Births 1633 - James II, succeeded Charles II as king of England (1685).
1644 - William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania.
1890 - Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States of America and Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in World War II.
1894 - E.E. Cummings, American poet and playwright.
1905 - Eugene Fodor, Hungarian-born American travel writer.
1927 - Roger Moore, British actor, especially known in James Bond films and the TV series "The Saint."
Deaths 1944 - Erwin Rommel, German field-marshal during World War II.
1959 - Errol Flynn, Australian actor.
1977 - Bing Crosby, popular American singer and actor.
1990 - Leonard Bernstein, American composer, conductor, and pianist, in Lawrence, MA.
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