On This Day:
Tuesday August 5, 2014 This is the 217th day of the year, with 148 days remaining in 2014. Fact of the Day: chocolate Chocolate is made from cocoa beans, fermented and roasted and ground to form a paste (chocolate liquor) which can be hardened into bitter baking chocolate - or made into cocoa powder, or mixed with sugar and additional cocoa butter (vegetable fat) to make sweet eating chocolate. The xocoatl was served to Herman Cortes by the Aztecs - which he took back to Spain and it became a Spanish secret for almost 100 years, sweetened and flavored with cinnamon and vanilla.
Holidays Feast day of St. Afra, St. Nonna, and Saints Addai and Mari.
Bahamas: Emancipation Day.
Burkina Faso: Republic Day.
Croatia: Homeland Thanksgiving Day.
Jamaica: Independence Day.
Events 1775 - The Spanish ship San Carlos, commanded by Juan Manuel de Ayala, entered San Francisco Bay and let off the first 200 settlers to the area.
1858 - The first transatlantic cable was completed.
1858 - Julia Archibald Holmes became the first woman on record to reach the summit of Pike's Peak.
1861 - The U.S. federal government levied an income tax for the first time, to finance the Civil War.
1884 - The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty was laid on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor.
1914 - The first electric traffic lights were installed, in Cleveland, Ohio, at Euclid Avenue and East 105th Street.
1924 - The comic strip "Little Orphan Annie," by Harold Gray, debuted.
1957 - "American Bandstand," hosted by Dick Clark, started its television run.
1962 - ANC leader Nelson Mandela was arrested and given a life sentence on charges of attempting to overthrow the South African government.
1963 - The United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union signed the Test Ban Treaty in Moscow which banned nuclear tests in the atmosphere, in space, and underwater.
2002 - The gun turret of the Civil War ironclad USS Monitor was raised from the floor of the Atlantic Ocean.
Births 1850 - Guy de Maupassant, French author.
1906 - John Huston, American Academy Award-winning director.
1911 - Robert Taylor (Spangler Brugh), American actor.
1930 - Neil Armstrong, American astronaut and first person to set foot on the Moon.
Deaths 1962 - Marilyn Monroe (Norma Jean Mortenson, Norma Jean Baker), American film actress and sex symbol.
1984 - Richard Burton, British stage and film actor.
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