On This Day:
Friday August 1, 2014 This is the 213th day of the year, with 152 days remaining in 2014. Fact of the Day: calendars Calendars evolved to measure periods for agricultural, business, domestic (etc.) reasons - the first known being that of the ancient Egyptians though the lunisolar formula was probably invented in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC.
Holidays Feast day of Saints Pistis, Elpis, and Agape (Faith, Hope, and Charity), St. Peter Julian Eymard, St. Ethelwold of Winchester, St. Almedha or Aled, St. Alphonse Liguori, and the Holy Macabees.
Switzerland: National Day (founding of Swiss Confederation, 1291).
Benin: Independence Day.
Lughnasadh / August Eve / Lammas Eve / Lady Day Eve / Feast of Bread.
Trinidad and Tobago: Emancipation Day.
Events 1492 - Italian explorer Christopher Columbus set foot on the American mainland for the first time, in present-day Venezuela.
1774 - English chemist Joseph Priestley identified oxygen.
1834 - Slavery was abolished throughout the British Empire.
1873 - The first cable streetcar in America began operation on Clay Street Hill in San Francisco, California.
1876 - Colorado was admitted as the 38th state.
1893 - A machine for making shredded wheat breakfast cereal was patented.
1914 - World War I broke out.
1939 - Synthetic vitamin K was produced for the first time.
1944 - During World War II, the Soviets reached the Vistula River at Warsaw, prompting the Poles to launch a major uprising against the Nazi occupation.
1944 - Thirteen-year-old Anne Frank made the last entry in her diary; days later she and her family were taken to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where she died at age 15.
1946 - President Harry Truman signed the Fulbright Program into law, establishing the scholarships named for Senator William J. Fulbright.
1946 - The Atomic Energy Commission was established.
1981 - Rock music video channel MTV debuted.
Births 1770 - William Clark, American explorer, led the Lewis & Clark Expedition.
1779 - Francis Scott Key, American attorney, poet, writer of "The Star-Spangled Banner."
1819 - Herman Melville, American author, poet.
1936 - Yves Saint-Laurent (Henry Mathieu), French fashion designer.
1942 - Jerry Garcia, American rock-and-roll musician, member of the group The Grateful Dead.
Deaths 1137 - Louis VI, King of France.
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