On This Day:
Tuesday July 8, 2014 This is the 189th day of the year, with 176 days remaining in 2014. Fact of the Day: alphabetization Words can be alphabetized two ways -- word-by-word or letter-by-letter. In the former, a shorter word will precede all others beginning with the same letters even if the word is followed by another word -- and in the latter all letters are taken as a sequence, with hyphens and spaces ignored.
Events 1497 - Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama left Lisbon for a voyage on which he discovered the Cape route to India.
1663 - England's King Charles II granted a charter to Rhode Island.
1776 - In Philadelphia, the Liberty Bell rang from the tower of the Pennsylvania State House (now Independence Hall), summoning citizens to the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence.
1835 - The Liberty Bell cracked when it was rung in honor of Chief Justice John Marshall, who had recently died.
1865 - C.E. Barnes of Lowell, Massachusetts, patented the machine gun.
1881 - The first ice cream sundae was served -- by accident by druggist Edward Berner of Two Rivers, Wisconsin. He scooped ice cream into a dish and poured the flavoring syrup for soda water (not allowed on Sundays) on top.
1889 - The "Wall Street Journal" was first published.
1907 - Florenz Ziegfeld staged his first "Follies," on the roof of the New York Theater.
1932 - The stock market fell to its lowest point during the Depression.
1950 - General Douglas MacArthur was named commander-in-chief of United Nations forces in Korea.
1978 - Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler became the first to climb Mount Everest without oxygen tanks.
Births 1838 - Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German designer and manufacturer of airships.
1839 - John D. Rockefeller, American industrialist and philanthropist.
1851 - Arthur Evans, English archaeologist.
1908 - Nelson Rockefeller, U.S. Vice President under Gerald Ford (1974-77), Governor of New York (1958-73).
1934 - Marty Feldman, English comedian and actor.
1949 - Wolfgang Puck, American chef.
1958 - Kevin Bacon, American film and theater actor.
1961 - Toby Keith (born Toby Keith Covel), American country music singer-songwriter.
1970 - Beck (born Bek David Campbell), American musician.
Deaths 1822 - Percy Bysshe Shelley, English romantic poet.
1967 - Vivien Leigh, English film actress.
1994 - Kim Sung Ju, communist leader of North Korea from 1948 to 1994.
1999 - Pete Conrad, Jr., an American astronaut and the third man to walk on the moon.
2003 - Ladan and Laleh Bijani, Iranian conjoined twin sisters, joined at the head, who died after their complicated surgical separation.
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