On This Day:
Tuesday December 23, 2014 This is the 357th day of the year, with 8 days remaining in 2014. Fact of the Day: hair The only part of hair that is dead is the part you see. The hair follicle is very much alive. The typical mammalian hair consists of the shaft, protruding above the skin, and the root, which is sunk in a pit (follicle) beneath the skin surface. Except for a few growing cells at the base of the root, the hair is dead tissue, composed of keratin and related proteins. The hair follicle is a tubelike pocket of the epidermis that encloses a small section of the dermis at its base. The human hair is formed by divisions of cells at the base of the follicle. As the cells are pushed upward from the follicle's base, they become keratinized (hardened) and undergo pigmentation.
Holidays Feast day of the Ten Martyrs of Crete, St. Dagobert II of Austria, St. John of Kanti, Saints Victoria and Anatolia, St. Frithebert, St. Servulus, and St. Thorlac.
Japan: The Emperor's Birthday.
Mexico: Night of the Radishes/Feast of the Radishes.
Events 1783 - George Washington resigned as commander-in-chief of the Army and retired to his home at Mount Vernon, Virginia.
1788 - Maryland voted to cede a 100-square-mile area for the seat of the national government; about two-thirds of the area became the District of Columbia.
1823 - The poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" was first published by Clement Clarke Moore.
1888 - Following a quarrel with Paul Gauguin, Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh cut off part of his own earlobe.
1913 - President Woodrow Wilson signed the Owen-Glass Act, creating the Federal Reserve System.
1921 - President Warren G. Harding freed Socialist Eugene Debs and 23 other political prisoners.
1922 - The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began daily news broadcasts.
1941 - American forces on Wake Island surrendered to the Japanese in World War II.
1944 - General Dwight D. Eisenhower confirmed the death sentence of Private Eddie Slovik, the only American shot for desertion since the Civil War.
1947 - John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William Shockley invented the transistor at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New Jersey. They won the Nobel Prize for their discovery.
1948 - In Tokyo, Japan, Hideki Tojo, former Japanese prime minister and chief of the Kwantung Army, was executed along with six other top Japanese leaders for their war crimes during World War II.
1968 - The 82 crew members of the U.S. intelligence ship USS Pueblo were released by North Korea, eleven months after they had been captured.
1974 - The B-1 bomber made its first successful test flight.
1975 - Congress passed the Metric Conversion Act declaring that the SI (International System of Units) will be the country's basic system of measurement.
1986 - The experimental airplane Voyager, piloted by Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager, completed the first non-stop, round-the-world flight without refueling as it landed safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California.
1997 - A Denver federal court jury convicted Terry Nichols of involuntary manslaughter and conspiracy for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing.
1997 - Woody Allen, 62, marries Soon-Yi Previn, 27, adopted daughter of Mia Farrow.
2003 - New York Governor George Pataki pardoned the late comedian Lenny Bruce for his 1964 obscenity conviction.
Births 1777 - Alexander I, czar of Russia.
1790 - Jean-François Champollion, French founder of Egyptology who deciphered the Rosetta Stone.
1805 - Joseph Smith, American, founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.
1867 - Sarah Breedlove Walker, American businesswoman and philanthropist considered to be the first black female millionaire.
1907 - Don McNeill, American radio host.
1943 - Harry Shearer, American comedic actor and writer.
1965 - Eddie Vedder, lead singer, lyricist, and one of the three guitar players for the grunge band Pearl Jam.
Deaths 1944 - Charles Dana Gibson, American artist and illustrator known for his "Gibson Girl" drawings.
2000 - Billy Barty, American film actor.
2000 - Victor Borge, Danish humorist, entertainer and world-class pianist.
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