On This Day:
Saturday April 5, 2014 This is the 95th day of the year, with 270 days remaining in 2014. Fact of the Day: smiley face Harvey Ball invented the yellow smiley face in 1963 as a freelance artist working on a project to increase employee morale after a merger of two insurance companies. He was paid $45 for the simple drawing that took him 10 minutes to create. The smiley face was put on a button and distributed to employees, insurance agents, and customers. The buttons became so popular that they soon became an international icon and symbol of good will. Ball never applied for a trademark on the smiley face and did not receive any royalties for the classic drawing that has sold millions of copies over the years.
Holidays Feast day of St. Derfel, St. Vincent Ferrer, St. Ethelburga of Lyminge, St. Albert of Montecorvino, and St. Gerald of Sauve-Majeure.
Taiwan: National Tomb-Sweeping Day.
Events 1242 - The first non-Mongol czar, Alexander Nevsky, defeated the Teutons and Livonians in Novgorod, Russia.
1614 - Native American princess Pocahontas, daughter of the chief of the Powhatan Indian confederacy, married English colonist John Rolfe in Virginia.
1621 - The Mayflower sailed from Plymouth, Massachusetts, on a return trip to England.
1768 - The first U.S. Chamber of Commerce was founded, in New York City.
1792 - George Washington cast the first presidential veto, rejecting a congressional measure for apportioning representatives among the states.
1827 - James H. Hackett became the first American actor to appear abroad as he performed at Covent Garden in London, England.
1843 - Queen Victoria proclaimed Hong Kong a British crown colony.
1951 - Julius Rosenberg and Ethel Rosenberg were sentenced to die after being found guilty of conspiring to transmit atomic secrets to the Soviet Union.
1955 - Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill retired as Prime Minister of Great Britain.
1987 - Fox Broadcasting Co. made its prime-time TV debut.
Births 1588 - Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher, political theorist.
1649 - Elihu Yale, English philanthropist for whom Yale University is named.
1827 - Baron Joseph Lister, British inventor, surgeon, scientist.
1856 - Booker T. Washington, American educator and reformer.
1900 - Spencer Tracy, American film actor.
1901 - Chester Bowles, American politician and advertising entrepreneur.
1901 - Melvyn Douglas (Melvyn Edouard Hesselberg), American, Academy Award-winning actor.
1908 - Bette Davis, American actress.
1916 - (Eldred) Gregory Peck, American Academy Award-winning actor.
1920 - Arthur Hailey, American author.
1923 - Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Viet Nam.
1947 - Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, President of the Philippines.
1965 - Mike McCready, American musician.
Deaths 1964 - Douglas MacArthur, American general.
1975 - Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Republic of China from 1928 until his death.
1976 - Howard Hughes, American aviator, engineer, industrialist, film producer/director, and philanthropist.
1994 - Kurt Cobain, singer with American rock band Nirvana.
2000 - Lee Petty, American stock car driver.
2001 - Brother Theodore (born Theodore Gottlieb), German comedian.
2006 - Gene Pitney, American singer and songwriter.
2008 - Charlton Heston, American film actor.
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