On This Day:
Saturday September 28, 2013 This is the 271st day of the year, with 94 days remaining in 2013. Fact of the Day: beer Beer is a low-alcohol beverage (usually a maximum of five percent alcohol by weight) brewed from malted barley and other cereals (such as corn or rye) mixed with cultured yeast for fermentation and hops for flavoring. Since about nine-tenths of beer's volume is water, the quality of the water is extremely important; beers from different regions of America and other countries take their unique character from the water used in brewing. Before 6000 BC, beer was made from barley in Sumeria and Babylonia. Reliefs in Egyptian tombs dating from 2400 BC show that barley or partly germinated barley was crushed, mixed with water, and dried into cakes. When broken up and mixed with water, the cakes yielded an extract that was fermented by microorganisms accumulating on the surfaces of the vessels used for fermentation.
Holidays Guinea: Referendum Day.
Mexico: Feast of San Miguel.
Confucius's Birthday/Teachers' Day.
United States: Grandparents' Day.
Brunei: Constitution Day.
Events 855 - Emperor Lothar died in Gaul and his kingdom was divided between his three sons.
1066 - William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy, invaded England and claimed the English throne.
1106 - King Henry of England defeated his brother Robert at the Battle of Tinchebrai and reunited England and Normandy.
1542 - Portuguese explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo arrived at what is now San Diego. He was the first European to see California.
1745 - God Save the King, the British national anthem, was sung for the first time at the Drury Lane Theatre in London.
1781 - Siege of Yorktown Heights, Virginia, began -- last battle of the Revolutionary War.
1825 - George Stephenson and Richard Trevithick drove a steam locomotive at the Stockton and Darlington Railway, in England, making it the first public passenger railway.
1850 - Mormon leader Brigham Young was named the first governor of the territory of Utah by President Millard Fillmore.
1850 - U.S. Navy abolished flogging as punishment.
1867 - Toronto became the capital of Ontario province.
1892 - First night football game in America was played between Mansfield State Normal School (Mansfield University) and Wyoming Seminary.
1912 - William Christopher Handy's "Memphis Blues" introduced the African-American folk tradition.
1924 - Two U.S. Army aircraft landed in Seattle, having completed the first round-the-world flight. They departed on April 6.
1939 - Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin agreed upon a final division of Poland, with the Soviets taking eastern Galicia and lands east of the Bug River -- more than half the country.
1959 - Explorer VI, the U.S. satellite, took the first video pictures of Earth.
1967 - Walter Washington took office as the first mayor of the District of Columbia.
1972 - Japan and Communist China agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations.
1991 - Marion Barry, former District of Columbia mayor, was sentenced to prison for possession of crack cocaine.
1996 - U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation to reduce the number of illegal immigrants.
2000 - After a 12-year battle, the U.S. government approved use of the abortion pill RU-486.
Births 551 B.C.E. - Confucius, Chinese philosopher, teacher, and political theorist.
1820 - Fredrich Engels, German socialist and co-author (with Karl Marx) of "The Communist Manifesto" and "Das Kapital."
1839 - Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard, American educator, reformer, suffrage leader.
1841 - Georges Clemenceau, premier of France in World War I.
1856 - Kate Douglas Wiggin, American, organized first free kindergarten and author of children's books.
1901 - William S. Paley, American broadcast executive.
1902 - Ed Sullivan, American TV show host.
1905 - Max Schmeling, German boxer.
1909 - Al Capp (Caplin), American cartoonist of "Li'l Abner."
1924 - Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor.
1934 - Brigitte Bardot (Camille Javal), French actress.
Deaths 48 B.C.E. - Roman general and politician Pompey the Great, murdered on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt.
1953 - Edwin P. Hubble, American astronomer.
1964 - Harpo Marx, American comedian and member of the Marx Brothers comedy team.
1970 - Gamal Abdel Nasser, prime minister and then president of Egypt.
1978 - Pope John Paul I, after just 34 days as pontiff.
1989 - Deposed Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos, in exile in Hawaii.
1991 - Miles Davis, American jazz musician.
2000 - Pierre Elliott Trudeau, former Canadian Prime Minister.
2002 - Patsy Mink, a 12-term Democratic United States congresswoman from Hawaii and first Asian-American woman elected to the U.S.Congress.
2003 - Elia Kazan, Turkish-born American film director and author.
2003 - Althea Gibson, American tennis champion and first African-American player to win the French Open, Wimbledon, and US Open singles championships.
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