On This Day:
Friday November 15, 2013 This is the 319th day of the year, with 46 days remaining in 2013. Fact of the Day: Baskin Robbins 31 Original Flavors In 1945, Irv Robbins opened an ice cream store in Glendale, California called "Snowbird," which proudly featured 21 exotic flavors. The next year, Robbins teamed up with his brother-in-law and competing ice cream store owner, Burt Baskin, to form Baskin-Robbins. In 1948, after opening six successful Baskin-Robbins ice cream stores, Baskin and Robbins licensed operations of a seventh store, giving birth to the concept of franchising in the ice cream industry. In 1953, the big "31" sign made its debut at all Baskin-Robbins stores, offering customers a different ice cream for every day of the month. The original "31" flavors are: Banana Nut Fudge, Black Walnut, Burgundy Cherry, Butter Pecan, Butterscotch Ribbon, Chocolate, Chocolate Almond, Chocolate Chip, Chocolate Fudge, Chocolate Ribbon, Coffee, Coffee Candy, Date Nut, Egg Nog, French Vanilla, Green Mint, Lemon Crisp, Lemon Custard, Lemon Sherbet, Maple Walnut, Orange Sherbet, Peach, Peppermint Fudge, Peppermint Stick, Pineap ple Sherbet, Pistachio Nut, Raspberry Sherbet, Rocky Road, Strawberry, Vanilla, and Vanilla Burnt Almond.
Holidays Feast day of St. Leopold of Austria, Saints Abibus, Gurias, and Samonas, St. Fintan of Rheinau, St. Malo or Machutus, St. Albert the Great, and St. Desiderius or Didier of Cahors.
Brazil: Republic Day.
Japan: Shichi-Go-San.
Belgium: Dynasty Day.
Events 1777 - The Continental Congress approved the Articles of Confederation, a precursor to the Constitution of the United States of America, after 16 months of debate.
1806 - Explorer Zebulon Pike sighted (but did not climb) the mountain now known as "Pike's Peak."
1837 - Isaac Pitman's system of shorthand was published, under the title "Stenographic Sound-Hand."
1881 - The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was founded.
1889 - Pedro II, Brazil's second and last emperor, was forced to abdicate the throne and a democratic republic is proclaimed.
1922 - Dr. Alexis Carrel reported the discovery of white corpuscles.
1926 - National Broadcasting Company (NBC) debuted its 24-station radio network.
1939 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt laid the cornerstone of the Jefferson Memorial in Washington, D.C.
1940 - The first 75,000 men were called to armed forces duty in the United States under peacetime conscription.
1960 - The first submarine with nuclear missiles, USS George Washington, went to sea.
1968 - RMS Queen Elizabeth, in its day the largest ocean liner ever built, retired from service.
1969 - A quarter of a million anti-Vietnam War demonstrators staged a peaceful march in Washington, D.C.
1997 - The all-female English pop group the Spice Girls released the album Spiceworld.
2002 - Hu Jintao replaced Jiang Zemin as China's Communist Party leader.
Births 1708 - William Pitt, the Elder, British statesman.
1738 - William Herschel, English astronomer.
1887 - Georgia O'Keeffe, American artist.
1891 - W. Averell Harriman, American diplomat.
1934 - Petula Clark, British singer and actress.
1957 - Kevin Eubanks, American jazz guitarist who has been the leader of the Tonight Show band since 1995.
Deaths 1954 - Lionel Barrymore, American actor and member of the celebrated Barrymore family of actors.
1958 - Tyrone Power, American film actor.
1978 - Margaret Mead, American anthropologist.
1998 - Kwame Ture, civil rights activist formerly known as Stokely Carmichael.
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