On This Day:
Friday August 23, 2013 This is the 235th day of the year, with 130 days remaining in 2013. Fact of the Day: Stockholm Syndrome Stockholm Syndrome is the phenomenon in which a hostage begins to identify and sympathize with his or her captor. The word was coined by Nils Bejerot after a botched bank robbery in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973, in which it emerged that the hostages were more afraid of the police than of their captors.
Holidays Feast day of St. Rose of Lima, Saints Asterius and Claudius, St. Tydfil, St. Philip Benizi, and St. Eugene or Eoghan of Ardstraw.
Romania: National Day.
Events 1541 - Jacques Cartier landed near Quebec on his third voyage to North America.
1775 - King George III of England refused the American colonies' offer of peace and declared them in open rebellion.
1821 - After 11 years of war, Spain granted Mexican independence as a constitutional monarchy.
1902 - Fanny Farmer, among the first to emphasize the relationship of diet to health, opened her School of Cookery in Boston.
1914 - Japan declared war on Germany in World War I.
1927 - Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, two Italian-American anarchists, accused of robbery and murder on April 15, 1920 were sent to the electric chair.
1944 - Romanian prime minister Ion Antonescu was dismissed by King Michael, paving the way for Romania to abandon the Axis in favor of the Allies.
1950 - Up to 77,000 members of the U.S. Army Organized Reserve Corps were called involuntarily to active duty to fight the Korean War.
1979 - Soviet dancer Alexander Godunov defected while the Bolshoi Ballet was on tour in New York.
1989 - Yusuf Hawkins, a 16-year-old black teenager, was shot to death after he and his friends were confronted by white youths in a Brooklyn neighborhood.
2005 - TANS Peru Flight 204 crashes near Pucallpa, Peru, killing 41.
2005 - Israeli forces evicted militant holdouts from two Jewish settlements, completing a historic withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and part of the West Bank.
Births 1754 - King Louis XVI of France.
1785 - Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer.
1852 - Arnold Toynbee, English economist, social reformer.
1912 - Gene Kelly, American dancer, choreographer, actor.
1932 - Mark Russell, an American political satirist/comedian.
1943 - Nelson DeMille, American novelist.
1946 - Keith Moon, English singer and drummer for the rock band The Who.
1963 - Kenny Wallace, American race car driver.
1978 - Kobe Bryant, American basketball player.
Deaths 1305 - Sir William Wallace, a Scottish knight who led his countrymen in resistance to English domination in the region, during periods of the Wars of Scottish Independence.
1926 - Rudolph Valentino, Italian-born American film actor.
1960 - Oscar Hammerstein II, American lyricist and collaborator with composer Richard Rogers.
1990 - David Rose, British-born American composer and orchestra leader.
1997 - John Kendrew, British molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
2006 - Maynard Ferguson, Canadian jazz trumpeter and bandleader.
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